airborne hazard

Airborne Hazard

            Airborne hazards are a very serious matter when responding to many scenes where there is a fire, or you need to go in an underground cave that you are not sure the air is like beneath that surface, or when there is a some kind of explosion or wild fire that is exposed to the air and containments the air and spreads throughout the air and gets into our respiratory tract and could either kill us immediately or do a lot of serious damage with our breathing and brain, muscle damage as well.

When there is an airborne hazard that is in the air, there is many parts of your respiratory tract that can be damaged along the way. Firstly, there is your nose and mouth that we use to breathe, which is where the hazard of airborne will damage. It can go up the nose and hurt the bones and cartilage that the nose uses to move around the particles we breathe in and once those can be damaged from the airborne hazard and can damage those parts of the nose possibly not allowing you to breathe correctly again. It also comes through your mouth into your esophagus, trachea, and pharynx is part of the throat region that can also be very damaged that could mess up your breathing for the rest of your life. Then it can travel as far as your lungs in the bronchus, bronchiole and alveoli and if those are damaged that can be very fatal.

Another part of inhaling the airborne in the affected air is that if it damages the mucociliary escalator is lining the respiratory and it helps carry any particle that goes through your airway tracts. It also helps remover very very very small particles along the way to protect the stomach. If an airborne hazard is too strong it can damage the mucociliary escalator which helps carries all the particles from mouth to stomach, if that lining is affected you would need to get that replaced and a lot of surgery to fix that because it is such an important part in every day breathing and eating.

Airborne hazards come in different material sizes. They range from large to small materials just depending on the kind of situation it is and what kind of materials and elements is involved if causes the airborne hazard. These materials include, gases, vapor, liquid droplets; mists, liquid condensates; fumes, solids; dusts, fibers, bioaerosols, and mixtures smoke. These materials depend on what kind of situations happen. For example, a pretty common airborne hazard is fires, due to house fires, bonfires, small house fires and they release smoke into the air damaging our respiratory tracts.

There are a couple diseases that involve your respiratory tract and can be chronic or acute in one’s lifespan. One is restrictive lung disease’s is a lung disease which restricts our lung expansion which will decrease your lung volume and make oneself work harder to breathe more to get oxygen to your lungs. An example of restrictive lung disease is sarcoidosis which is an autoimmune disease, so your body creates this problem within oneself making it hard to breathe every day. Another lung disease is obstructive. This is when the lungs narrow the smaller bronchi and large bronchioles. This happens commonly due to excessive contraction of the smooth muscle. A personal example of this is asthma. Asthma can be genetics or exercise induced for some people. Asthma is narrowing of your breathing pathway and you can not breathe and it is very overwhelming feeling.

Airborne hazard’s are very serious safety issues that we need to be aware of because they can be fatal.

https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/how_do.html

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/301760-overview

toxicology

Toxicology

Toxicololgy is a major health role that everyone needs to be aware of and how harmful it can be. Lots of everyday items can be toxic to you, your children or pets. Examples are laundry detergent, hand sanitizer, and many more everyday uses that if in the wrong hands can cause a lot of damage to oneself and toxicate someone, which brings up many health risks and potentially death. The word toxicology can be broken down into two words which help define its meaning. The first part of the word is toxic, meaning death, very aggressive, harmful substance that can cause many harmful events to occur due to the unwanted toxic substance. The second part of the word is ology- meaning the study of so and os. In this case it’s the study of toxics. People study how chemicals can bring upon harmful and problematic situations for living things, thus for, being very important for people to be aware of what is toxic to protect ourselves and onself from intaking a toxic item or what tod o if that would happen.

Toxic substances/items can be brought into our body in a few different ways. These different ways could be anything from just breathing in a toxic gas that is polluted in the air, you could easily inhale and it enters the body. Another way is by contact. This could be your skin or eyeball, anything that makes physical contact with your outside of your body that is harmful/toxic to you. Another more common way for children and pets is by swallowing and/or ingestion of the toxic substance. Many kids eat laundry detergent pods because it looks like candy and smells great, but those are highly toxic to the human body and especially such a young, sensitive body. Lastly, one could be injected by a substance that is toxic and that will go straight into your bloodstream and cause immediate affects to oneself.

Biotransformation is alterations that happen inside the body due to most likely a drug by enzymatic activity. There is two phases that this biotransformation will undergo during its time within the body. Phase one of this biotransformation process has  few events that usually occur, such as, oxidations, reductions, and hydrolysis reactions. In phase one, it introduces what will be the functional group and where the center that’s actively ready for the sequential conjugation preparing for phase two. Phase two is ready once that active center is ready/ the functional group, which is the site for that conjugation that holds the endogenous substance, will go to.

Another correlated event that we keep an eye on with toxicology is the dose-response relationship. This simply means what are the effects when you get a very low amount/dose of that toxic substance and the difference when you get a very high dosage of that toxic substance and how that affects you. This dose-response has been studied with many common items and you can find on labels warning if you have a certain amount of this product consumed this and this will occur. Dose-response is important for people who care for those who have been affected with a toxic item.

Another term that is correlated with toxicology is LD50, also known as lethal dose. This simply means the amount that is consumed from a toxic substance that kills fifty percent of the test sample. So again with labels, you could see this on chemical labels saying if you consume one third of this bottle it will be fetal to oneself. And this is very important when dealing with any kind of chemicals that are used for machinery, pools, cars, etc to know if in some case you were to consume it and to be educated on how much would take your life away.

There is a certain criteria so to speak for what classifies as toxicology. Those would be factors related to exposure, biologic factors and chemical factors help influence the meaning of toxicology.

https://humantoxicologyproject.org/tox-101/what-is-toxicology/

https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/how_chem.html

http://classes.uleth.ca/200901/biol3440a/BIO3440.3BiotransformationWEB.pdf

https://www.slideshare.net/DrZaigham/biotransformation-metabolism-of-drugs

https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/dose%E2%80%93response

Glyphosate/round-up

Glyphosate

Glyphosate is a herbicide that was applied to plants and fruits to helped to maintain the growth of plants and help have fruits be ripen. It was later used to kill off weeds growing in agriculture areas, forest areas, your lawn and people’s garden’s.

In 1964, it was patented as a metal chelator. This meant it was used to clean off dirt and substances off heavy metals. They used it to clean commercial pipes and or boilers. Glyphosate removes many minerals off these metals such as, copper, zinc, manganese, calcium, and magnesium which are very important to our health.

“The paper, Trends in glyphosate herbicide use in the United States and globally, reveals that since 1974, when Roundup was first commercially sold, more than 1.6 billion kilograms (or 3.5 billion pounds) of glyphosate has been used in the U.S., making up 19 percent of the 8.6 billion kilograms (or 18.9 billion pounds) of glyphosate used around the world.”(Monsanto’s Glyphosate most heavily Used Weed Killer in History, EcoWatch Article)

This statement from this article online just blew my mind how popular round up was worldwide and throughout the United States, as well. That is so much weed killer/round up to be used around the world. With this particular substance, I would not imagine it being so popular and used across the world so popularly but I guess that shows how we are somewhat similar across the world and have the same needs through a simple item as a weed killer.

 

In the United States, we use it mostly in the area of agriculture. It is also known as roundup here and most homeowners will have one around their house somewhere. Round up is known for its amazing killer strength against weeds. This chemical spray that is amazing at killing weeds. Most common people, use this round up just simply for killing weeds in their lawn, garden and around the house. But in the United States,  this is very popular with our farmers. Farmers need to protect their crops from weeds because crops is their living and they can not afford losing their crops. So farmers use this glyphosate and spread it all over their ground where their crops are to keep weeds from growing there. Another bonus is that it also helps the crops grow better and it does not hurt the crops at all.

Since we do use this in our agricultural area, there are some risks with that. Farmers spray this all over their crops because it does not harm the crops, but it can leave residue on the crops, which we consume. There has been recent studies showing how much glyphosate is left in our produce and how we need to make sure we clean off our produce correctly to ensure that we do not intake any produce that has any left over glyphostae on it because it can create health risks on oneself.

Crops are also known to be roundup ready crops because they have built a resistant against this herbicide genetically which helps farmers be able to just spray over the entire field of crops and not be worried about damaging their crops.

Reference:

http://gmofreeusa.org/research/glyphosate/glyphosate-overview/

http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/glyphogen.html

http://www.ecowatch.com/monsantos-glyphosate-most-heavily-used-weed-killer-in-history-1882164311.html

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/04/150422-glyphosate-roundup-herbicide-weeds/